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探究不同悬浮颗粒物（悬沙）浓度对塑料老化过程及其浸出液的影响，为塑料污染生态风险评价及治理提供科学依据。以太湖水体中丰度最高的塑料类型——玻璃纸（CP）为研究对象，设置0、50、100、250、500 mg/L 5个悬浮颗粒物浓度梯度，开展28 d老化实验。结果表明：（1）CP在水中经过机械磨损后会从表面逐层破碎，并产生孔洞，高浓度悬沙（500 mg/L）会显著抑制塑料的光氧化降解，使其老化特征弱于低浓度悬沙组；（2）老化过程中，CP分子结构改变，缔合氨基减少，氧碳比下降；（3）不同悬浮颗粒物浓度下CP浸出液的DOC质量浓度变化趋势不同，500 mg/L组呈先升后降趋势，其余组整体上升；（4）CP在老化过程中会析出类色氨酸和类酪氨酸，并且受到太阳光线照射时，其荧光指数随老化时间延长而逐渐降低。
Abstract：Microplastics are a relatively new pollutant, and their environmental behavior in the aquatic environment has become a research hotspot in recent years. After biodegradation, weathering processes(such as photooxidation and mechanical wear), will alter the surface morphology and physiochemical properties of microplastics discharged into water, accompanied by the release of substances leached from the plastic. Mechanical degradation is important to the aging and deterioration of plastics and plays a crucial role in the migration and transformation of plastics. In this study, we explored the effects of different concentrations of suspended particulate matter on the aging and leaching of plastics, aiming to provide a scientific basis for assessing the ecological risk and regulating plastic pollution. Cellophane(CP), the most abundant type of plastic in the water of Taihu Lake, was selected for research, and a 28-day aging experiment of CP was conducted with five suspended particulate matter treatments(0, 50, 100, 250, 500 mg/L). The conclusions are as follows:(1) CP was mechanically degraded layer by layer, with surface roughening, peeling and hole formation during the aging process. The high concentration of suspended particles(500 mg/L) significantly inhibited the photooxidative degradation of CP, resulting in obviously weaker aging characteristics compared with the low concentration groups.(2) The aging process altered the molecular structure of CP, decreasing the oxygen to carbon ratio.(3) The variation trends of DOC concentration in the CP leachate differed under the influence of varying concentrations of suspended particulate matter.(4) Tryptophan and tyrosine were released from CP during aging, and the CP fluorescence index decreased with time when exposed to sunlight.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202406170229
中图分类号:X524
引用信息:
[1]罗润芝,苗令占.湖泊悬沙对塑料老化裂解及其浸出液的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2026,47(03):36-47.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202406170229.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划（2023YFC3208903）; 西藏自治区科技计划（XZ202502JD0001）
2024-09-04
2024-09-04
2024-09-04