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分析高原湖泊微生物分布特征及其适应机制，为认识纳木错水体微生物多样性及物种间关系提供基础数据。2021年10月(秋季)在纳木错设置20个样点进行样品的采集，采用涂布平板法分离湖水中的可培养细菌，菌株的鉴定采用16S rDNA基因序列分析结合经典分类方法 ，运用生态位宽度、生态位重叠值等方法对浮游细菌优势种间的相互关系进行分析，通过总体联结性、χ2检验以及共同出现百分比(PC)等方法分析优势种的种间联结性，运用相关性分析和冗余分析对优势种和理化因子间的关系进行分析。结果表明：纳木错秋季水体中共分离到637株可培养细菌共46种，隶属于4门7纲14目20科25属，其中优势种(Y>0.02)共11种。浮游细菌优势种生态位宽度变化范围为1.815～9.715，其中生态位宽度最大的是马氏副球菌(Paracoccus marcusii)，表现出较强的生态适应性；生态位宽度最小的是嗜中温副莱茵海默氏菌(Pararheinheimera mesophila)，生态适应性较弱。优势种生态位重叠值变化范围为0.035～0.890，生态位重叠值大于0.6的种对数占总对数的9.09%，表明各优势种的资源利用和生存能力较弱，空间异质性较大，总体上生态位重叠程度不高，对资源的共同利用率较低。纳木错秋季水体可培养细菌优势种间总体上呈负联结，但未达显著水平(χ2<3.841)，种间联结较为松散，优势菌种间未达到相对的动态平衡。冗余分析结果显示，优势种的菌群分布主要受pH、电导率和TN的影响。
Abstract：In this study, we explored the ecological niche and interspecific associations of dominant planktonic bacteria in Namco Lake, aiming to understand the distribution and adaptive mechanisms of microorganisms in plateau lakes. In October(autumn) of 2021, water samples were collected from 20 sites in Namco Lake, and the streak plate method was used to isolate culturable bacteria. Strain identification was conducted using 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis combined with classical taxonomic methods. The relationships between dominant species of planktonic bacteria were analyzed by niche width and niche overlap, and their interspecific associations were examined through overall association analysis, the chisquared( χ2) test, and the percentage of co-occurrence(PC). Correlation and redundancy analysis were used to investigate the relationships between dominant species and physicochemical factors. A total of 637 culturable bacterial strains were isolated from Namco Lake in autumn, belonging to 46 species, 25 genera, 20 families, 14 orders, 7 classes and 4 phyla. There were 11 dominant species(Y>0.02), with niche widths ranging from 1.815 to 9.715. Paracoccus marcusii exhibited the largest niche width, indicating strong ecological adaptability, while Pararheinheimera mesophila had the smallest niche width, suggesting relatively weak ecological adaptability. The niche overlap values among dominant bacterial species ranged from 0.035 to 0.890. Species pairs with niche overlap values greater than 0.6 accounted for 9.09% of the total pairs, indicating that resource utilization and survival capabilities of dominant species were relatively weak and with significant spatial heterogeneity. Overall, the degree of niche overlap was low and shared resource utilization among these species was also low. The highest niche overlap was between Pararheinheimera soli and Rheinheimera sp., and the lowest niche overlap was between Pararheinheimera mesophila and Pararheinheimera soli. In Namco Lake in autumn, the dominant cultivable bacterial species generally exhibited a negative association, but it was not statistically significant(χ2<3.841).The interspecific association was relatively loose, and the relative dynamic balance was not achieved among the dominant species. Redundancy analysis shows that the distribution of dominant culturable bacteria was primarily affected by pH, electrical conductivity(EC), and total nitrogen(TN). This study provides basic data on microbial diversity, inter-species relationships and coexistence mechanisms among species in Namco Lake, and a useful method for exploring microbial resources in plateau lake habitats.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202311080318
中图分类号:Q938.8
引用信息:
[1]郑艳艳,贺凯,德吉,等.纳木错秋季水体可培养细菌优势种生态位及种间联结分析[J].水生态学杂志,2026,47(02):183-194.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202311080318.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（31960024）; 2022年度西藏大学人才发展激励计划“青年学者岗位”项目